New Insight on Graphite Anode Degradation Induced by Li‐Plating

Graphite is the dominant anode material for lithium-ion batteries; however, it still suffers from Li-plating when charging fast or at low temperature, and associated with performance fading safety concerns. Herein, we clarify mechanism of lithium evolution graphite particles by over-lithiation cycle test, in-situ XRD, titration gas chromatography. We observe that intercalation compounds (GICs, LiC12 LiC6 e.g.) gradually become inactive wrapped dead side reaction sediments, while rate this degradation will be accelerated as overpotential decreased after initial Li metal nucleation. This understanding contradictory to popular one plating mainly caused inferior SEI induced hindering Li-ion intercalation. The isolation lithiated leading vanishing insertion/deintercalation process in anodes. further study temperature high rates, respectively. work provides a insight on Li-plating, new can used guide design advanced materials electrodes avoid achieve extreme safe charging.